Erzurum’s position at 1,890 metres on the vast Anatolian plateau gives it an extreme continental climate — bitter winters and short summers — which paradoxically makes it excellent for both winter sports and summer trekking.
The city was a major Seljuk cultural centre in the 12th–13th centuries and preserves a concentration of exceptional Seljuk mosques, medreses and mausoleums that rival Konya’s.
- Region
- Eastern Anatolia
- Altitude
- 1,890 m
- Palandöken peak
- 3,176 m
- Known for
- Seljuk architecture, skiing
Seljuk architecture
The Yakutiye Medresesi (1310) is the finest surviving example of Mongol-era Islamic architecture in Turkey — its minaret, carved with geometric patterns and stylised figures, is genuinely unique. The Çifte Minareli Medrese (1253) has twin minarets of exceptional craftsmanship. The 12th-century Ulu Camii and the Üç Kümbetler mausoleums complete a remarkable architectural ensemble.
Palandöken ski resort
Palandökenis Turkey’s most serious ski destination — long, consistent runs from 3,176 m to 2,200 m, reliable snow from November to April, and a vertical drop that is exceptional by Turkish standards. The resort is accessible within 10 minutes of the city centre.
In summer, the same slopes become hiking terrain above the treeline, with superb views east towards the Kaçkar mountains and the Armenian plateau.
Tortum and the landscape
The Tortum waterfall and lake (60 km north) are among the most dramatic landscapes in northeast Turkey. The Çoruh River valley to the north cuts through the mountains towards Artvin and Yusufeli.
Erzurum in pictures
Frequently asked questions
Erzurum
2Erzurum is famous for its Seljuk architectural heritage (Yakutiye and Çifte Minareli medreses), the Palandöken ski resort, and as the gateway to eastern Anatolia.
January to March offers the best snow conditions. The resort typically opens in November and runs until April, with very cold temperatures throughout the season.